$15.30
Manufacturer: India
Treatment and prevention of infections caused by microorganisms sensitive to metronidazole (mainly anaerobic bacteria). Treatment should be prescribed in the case of: infections of the Central nervous system (including brain abscess, meningitis); infections of the lungs and pleura (including necrotizing pneumonia, aspiration pneumonia, and lung abscess); endocarditis’s; infections of the gastrointestinal tract and abdominal cavity, including peritonitis, liver abscess, infections after operations on the colon or rectum, purulent lesions of the abdominal or pelvic cavity; gynecological infections, including endometritis after hysterectomy or caesarean section, birth fever, septic abortion);
Description
Efloran Composition
active substance: metronidazole;
1 tablet contains 400 mg of metronidazole;
Efloran excipients: lactose monohydrate, povidone, starch, corn cellulose, microcrystalline sodium starch; talc magnesium stearate.
Efloran Dosage form
Pills.
Basic physical and chemical properties: round, slightly biconvex tablets from white to slightly yellowish with a line on one side.
Pharmacotherapeutic group
Antibacterial agents for systemic use. Imidazole derivatives. ATX code J01X D01.
Antiprotozoal drugs. Means for the treatment of amebiasis and other protozoal diseases. ATX code P01A B01.
Pharmacodynamics
Metronidazole is a synthetic antimicrobial drug, a nitroimidazole derivative that acts against anaerobic microorganisms – gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Treats some parasitic infections; has a pronounced effect against lamblia and Trichomonas.
Metronidazole acts in several stages: it penetrates into bacterial cells, its 5-nitro group is converted into hydroxylamine, which is accompanied by inhibition of the DNA of microorganisms up to a lethal effect, then cytotoxic metabolites decompose to non-toxic inactive metabolites.
Pharmacokinetics
Absorption
The maximum serum concentration is almost the same after intravenous or oral administration; bioavailability ranges from 90% to 100%. The half-life of the active substance is 8 hours.
Distribution
The active substance penetrates well into all tissues, organs and body fluids, the volume of distribution reaches 80% of the body weight.
After 4-6 hours, the concentration of metronidazole in the tissues and cerebrospinal fluid reaches 80-90% of the concentration in the blood serum. Plasma protein binding is only a small amount – no more than 20%.
Metabolism
Metronidazole is converted mainly in the liver. Basically, oxidative metabolites are formed, which are mainly excreted in the urine in the form of glucuronides.
The pre-systemic metabolism of the active substance is insignificant. Metabolism slows down in patients with liver disease. In patients with renal impairment, metabolites may accumulate.
Withdrawal
Unmetabolized metronidazole is excreted mainly in the urine. With fecal masses, from 6% to 15% of the administered dose is excreted.
Metronidazole and its metabolites are rapidly excreted by hemodialysis.
Indications
Infections caused by microorganisms sensitive to the drug: amebiasis; urogenital trichomoniasis; nonspecific vaginitis; giardiasis; surgical infections caused by anaerobic microorganisms sensitive to metronidazole; replacement of intravenous treatment of infections caused by anaerobic microorganisms sensitive to metronidazole.
When using metronidazole, national and international guidelines for the appropriate use of antibacterial drugs should be considered.
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to metronidazole or to drugs of the imidazole group, or other components of the drug up to 6 years of age, which is due to the dosage form (see section “Peculiarities of use”).
During pregnancy and breastfeeding.
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