Levomycetin powder for solution for injections 1 g. vial

Description

Levomycetin powder Composition
active substance: 1 bottle contains sterile chloramphenicol sodium succinate in terms of chloramphenicol 1 g.

Levomycetin powder Dosage form
Powder for solution for injection.

Basic physical and chemical properties: powder, white or white with a yellowish tinge. Hygroscopic.

Levomycetin powder Pharmacotherapeutic group
Antimicrobial agents for systemic use. Amphenicol.

ATX code J01B A01.

Levomycetin powder Pharmacodynamics
Broad-spectrum antibiotic. Effective against many gram-positive (staphylococci, streptococci, pneumococci, enterococci) and gram-negative bacteria: colibacillus and hemophilus influenzae, salmonella, shigella, klebsiella, serration, yersinia, proteus, gonococci, meningococci, anketeaerobes, rhykydylamines (causative agents of trachoma, psittacosis, inguinal lymphogranulomatosis and others); acts on strains of bacteria resistant to penicillin, streptomycin, sulfonamides; weakly active against acid-fast bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, clostridia and protozoa. In usual doses it acts bacteriostatically. Inhibits peptidyltransferase and disrupts protein synthesis in a bacterial cell.

Pharmacokinetics
With intramuscular and intravenous administration, a high concentration of the drug in the blood plasma is quickly achieved (5-10 minutes after intravenous administration, 30-45 minutes after intramuscular administration). The maximum concentration in the blood is reached after 1 hour and remains in effective concentrations in the blood plasma for 8-12 hours. A significant part (60-80%) binds to plasma albumin. Easily penetrates into organs and body fluids, through the blood-brain barrier, through the placenta, into breast milk.

It is excreted mainly by the kidneys in the form of inactive metabolites, partly with bile.

Indications
Treatment of infections caused by microorganisms sensitive to chloramphenicol (typhoid fever, paratyphoid fever, generalized forms of salmonellosis, dysentery, brucellosis, tularemia, meningitis, typhus and other rickettsioses, trachoma). Infectious processes caused by pathogens sensitive to the action of chloramphenicol in case of ineffectiveness of other chemotherapeutic drugs or when their use is impossible.

Contraindications
Hypersensitivity to chloramphenicol, other amphenicol, inhibition of hematopoiesis, blood diseases; skin diseases (psoriasis, eczema, fungal infections); severe liver and / or kidney dysfunctions; deficiency of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase; porphyria.

Levomycetin should not be prescribed for acute respiratory diseases, sore throat, as well as for the prevention of bacterial infection.

Incompatibility

Do not use solvents that are not listed in the section “Method of administration and dosage”. Levomycetin cannot be mixed in the same syringe with B vitamins and ascorbic acid. Levomycetin is incompatible in solutions with ampicillin sodium salt, gentamycin sulfate, kanamycin sulfate and hydrocortisone.

Interaction with other medicinal products and other types of interactions
Long-term use of chloramphenicol, which is an inhibitor of liver enzymes, in the preoperative period or during surgery can reduce plasma clearance and increase the duration of action of alfetanyl.

Chloramphenicol inhibits the enzyme system of cytochrome P450, therefore, when used simultaneously with antiepileptic drugs (phenobarbital, phenytoin), indirect anticoagulants (dicoumarin, warfarin), there is a weakening of the metabolism of these drugs, a slowdown in excretion, an increase in their concentration in the blood plasma and an increase in their toxicity.

With the simultaneous use of Levomycetin with tolbutamide (butamide) and chlorpropamide, their hypoglycemic effect may increase (due to inhibition of metabolism in the liver and an increase in their concentration), which requires dose adjustment.

Phenobarbital, rifampicin, rifabutin reduce the concentration of chloramphenicol in the blood plasma by accelerating its metabolism in the liver.