$29.10
Manufacturer: Ukraine
Use for local anesthesia (terminal, infiltration, conduction) in surgery, ophthalmology, dentistry, otorhinolaryngology; as a solvent for antibacterial agents of the cephalosporin group.
Description
Lidocaine Storage
active substance: lidocaine;
1 vial contains 3.8 g of lidocaine; 1 dose contains lidocaine 4.8 mg;
Excipients: ethanol 96%, propylene glycol, peppermint oil.
Lidocaine Dosage form
Spray.
Main physical and chemical properties: colorless alcohol solution with menthol aroma.
Lidocaine Pharmacotherapeutic group
Drugs for local anesthesia. ATX code D04A B01.
Pharmacological properties
Pharmacodynamics.
Lidocaine is a membrane stabilizing agent of the amide group for local anesthesia. It inhibits the sensitive nerve endings of the skin and mucous membranes, ie causes a reversible suppression of the conduction of tissue elements of nerve cells (neuron, axon, synapses).
The mechanism of action of local anesthetics is to suppress ion fluxes – which are required for the formation of the stimulus – through neural membranes.
Lidocaine inhibits the stimulus-activated transient increase in permeability to sodium ions and to a lesser extent reduces the passive permeability to potassium and sodium ions, thereby stabilizing neuronal membranes. Lidocaine reduces the degree of depolarization that occurs in response to a physiological stimulus, as well as the amplitude of the action potential, and inhibits nerve conduction.
Among the various sensory modes of action, local anesthetics primarily suppress pain sensitivity, accompanied by the suppression of heat and tactile sensations. Lidocaine absorbed after topical administration may cause central nervous system agitation or depression. Its effect on the cardiovascular system can manifest itself in the form of impaired conduction and peripheral vasodilation.
Pharmacokinetics.
After topical application, lidocaine penetrates the tissues and has a local analgesic effect.
The effect of lidocaine develops within 1 minute and lasts from 5 to 6 minutes. Subjective symptoms of numbness subside slowly within 15 minutes.
Lidocaine is rapidly absorbed when applied to mucous membranes and affected skin, but poorly absorbed when applied to healthy skin. The rate of absorption and the amount of active substance that enters the bloodstream depend on the dose, type, size and condition of the surface on which the drug is applied (skin or mucous membrane), as well as exposure.
Transdermal administration of 500 mg of lidocaine provides therapeutic levels of the drug in the blood. The maximum concentration of lidocaine in the serum is reached within 1 hour after application of the drug. At this dose, the concentration of lidocaine in the serum remains in the therapeutic range for 7-8 hours. The amount of active substance used in any case does not exceed 300-350 mg.
Lidocaine is metabolized in the liver. It is first dealkylated and then hydrolyzed. Both the unchanged drug and its metabolites are excreted mainly by the kidneys. The half-life of lidocaine is 1.6 hours.
Indication
Dentistry and maxillofacial surgery
Anesthesia of the injection site before local anesthesia, anesthesia at the opening of a superficial abscess, removal of movable deciduous teeth and bone fragments, suturing of mucous membranes. Anesthesia of the gums to fix the crown of the tooth or bridge. The drug is used in manual or instrumental removal of tartar or in the excision of enlarged interdental papillae to reduce or suppress the hypersensitive swallowing reflex. When removing the impression of the dentition or when placing an X-ray film, the drug can be used only when elastic impression materials are used.
In children, lidocaine spray can be used for frenectomy and removal of salivary gland cysts.
Removal of superficial benign tumors of the mucous membrane.
Otolaryngology
In the case of treatment of nasal bleeding before electrocaustics, resection of the septum and resection of nasal polyps. Also use before tonsillectomy to suppress the gag reflex and anesthetize the injection site.
As additional anesthesia before opening a peritonsillar abscess or before puncturing the maxillary sinus.
Anesthesia before washing the maxillary sinus.
Endoscopic and instrumental studies.
Anesthesia of the pharynx before the introduction of various tubes through the nose or mouth (gastroduodenal probe, Sengstaken probe).
Tracheotomy tube replacement.
Obstetrics and gynecology.
Perineal anesthesia to perform an episiotomy. Seam removal. operating field during vaginal surgery or operations on the cervix.
Dermatology
Anesthesia of the skin and mucous membranes with minor surgery.
Contraindication
Hypersensitivity to the components of the drug, as well as to other amide local anesthetics; in dentistry, the use of the drug is contraindicated before the use of plaster due to the danger of aspiration.
Special security measures
Lidocaine should not be allowed to enter the respiratory tract (risk of aspiration).
When spraying, the vial should be as upright as possible. Avoid contact with the eyes
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