Lorazidim (ceftazidime) powder 1000 mg. №1 vial

Description

Lorazidim composition
active substance: ceftazidime;
1 vial contains ceftazidime pentahydrate in an amount corresponding to ceftazidime 1000 mg;
Excipient: sodium carbonate anhydrous.

Dosage form                                                                                                                                                                                 Powder for solution for injection.

Pharmacological properties
This drug Lorazidim is a bactericidal cephalosporin antibiotic of III generation, for systemic use, whose main active ingredient is ceftazidime.
The mechanism of action of this drug is based on the ability of ceftazidime to disrupt the synthesis of the bacterial walls. It has high activity against a wide range of bacteria, both Gram-positive and Gram-negative. It is also active against strains resistant to gentamicin and other aminglicosides.
During its use it shows resistance to most β-lactamases.

Indications
Lorazidim is used for the treatment of both mixed and monoinfectious diseases, which are caused by microorganisms sensitive to ceftazidime bacteria.
It is prescribed for the treatment of severe infectious diseases: sepsis, peritonitis, meningitis, bacteremia.
It is also effective for the treatment of infections, including complicated ones:

• ENT organs, respiratory tract (including lung infections in patients with cystic fibrosis), otitis media;
• urinary tract;
• digestive tract, biliary tract, abdomen (including complicated ones);
• soft tissues, skin;
• bones, joints;
• in patients suffering from reduced immunity;
• in patients being treated in intensive care units, including those with infected burns.

Lorazidim is an effective drug for the treatment of infections associated with peritoneal hemodialysis, as well as with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.
In addition, this drug is used as a prophylactic agent during surgical interventions on the prostate gland, in particular during transurethral resection.
It is acceptable to use medicines based on ceftazidime in the treatment of patients with neutropenia and fever resulting from bacterial infection.
Ceftazidime has the greatest effect in the treatment of the antibacterial spectrum and is especially active against gramnegative aerobes.
Ceftazidime is ineffective against methicillin-sensitive staphylococci, streptococci of many other enterococci, clostridia, etc.

Contraindications
Lorazidim is not used if there is a hypersensitive reaction to ceftazidime or to other components of the drug. It is contraindicated if the patient has ever had hypersensitivity to cephalosporins, other beta-lactam antibiotics, including penicillins, carbapenems.
Ceftazim is incompatible in solutions with vancomycin and aminglicosides, therefore they should not be mixed in one syringe or infusion system.

Children
Apply to children from the first days of life.

Use in pregnancy and lactation
There is no data on possible harm to pregnant women, as clinical studies are not conducted on this group of patients. Therefore, the drug should be administered to pregnant women only if the expected benefits exceed the possible harms. Particular caution should be exercised in the first trimester.
Administration in therapeutic doses does not lead to infiltration into the breast milk.

Method of administration and dosage
The exact dosage and duration of treatment with Lorazidim is prescribed by the attending physician, based on the localization and severity of the disease, the type of bacteria that caused the infection, as well as depending on kidney function and patient age.
Most often 1-6 grams of the drug is prescribed per day, which are administered in 2-3 sittings. Injections are given intramuscularly or intravenously (as an infusion).
Average dosages for:

• urogenital tract infections and non-serious infections – 0.5-1 grams 2 times a day, that is, every 12 hours;
• minor and moderate infections – 1 gram 3 times a day (every 8 hours) or 2 grams 2 times a day (every 12 hours);
• severe infections, including those complicated by immunodeficiency, with neutropenia – 2 grams 3 times a day or 3 grams 2 times a day;
• cystic fibrosis, complicated by sinus infection in the lungs – 100-150 mg per 1 kg of weight 3 times a day;
• prophylaxis at operations – 1 gram at the time of anesthesia administration. The second same dose is administered when the catheter is withdrawn.

For children, the daily dosage is calculated, depending on the severity of the course of the disease, body weight and age, based on:

• up to 2 months from birth – 25-60 mg per day for 2 injections per day;
• over 2 months of age – from 30 to 100 mg, 2 to 3 injections per day.

Maximum daily dose with normal renal function is not more than 9 grams per day. In case of insufficient renal function, the dose is reduced, depending on the individual condition. Begin introduction with 1 gram, watching the dynamics.
Liver failure is not an indication for dosage adjustment
For elderly patients (over 80 years of age), the maximum daily dosage is no more than 3 grams per day.
Methods, proportions, dilution dosages, solutions used, the way of administration are determined by the attending physician using special medical literature.

Overdosing
Overdosing can cause neurological complications, including:

• encephalopathy;
• seizures;
• coma.

Hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, treatment of symptoms are recommended.

Side effects
Side effects (in decreasing order of frequency) occur with use, such as:

• eosinophilia, thrombocytosis, (less frequently, leukopenia, neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia);
• phlebitis, thrombophlebitis, pain (at the site of drug administration);
• diarrhea (diarrhea); less commonly, nausea, vomiting, headache;
• candidiasis;
• rash, urticaria.

In rare cases, itching, angioedema, anaphylactic shock, jaundice, renal failure have been reported.

Conditions and terms of storage
This drug Lorazidim may be stored up to 3 years at a temperature not exceeding 30 ° C.