Description
Carditab (Phenobarbital) Tablets №6
Carditab is a pharmaceutical product containing phenobarbital, a barbiturate medication primarily used as an anticonvulsant to treat certain types of seizures.
Composition
The active ingredient in Carditab is phenobarbital.
Mechanism of Action
Phenobarbital acts as a positive allosteric modulator of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) by binding to specific GABAA receptor sites in the brain. This enhances the effects of GABA, resulting in increased chloride influx and hyperpolarization of neuronal membranes, thereby reducing neuronal excitability and seizure activity.
Pharmacological Properties
Phenobarbital exhibits sedative, hypnotic, and anticonvulsant properties. It has a long duration of action due to its high lipid solubility, allowing for effective control of seizures with once-daily dosing.
Indications for Use
Carditab is indicated for the treatment of generalized tonic-clonic seizures, complex partial seizures, and simple partial seizures. It may also be prescribed for the management of febrile seizures in children and certain types of status epilepticus.
Contraindications
Carditab is contraindicated in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to phenobarbital or any other component of the formulation. Additionally, it should be avoided in individuals with acute intermittent porphyria, severe respiratory insufficiency, or severe liver disease.
Side Effects
Common side effects of Carditab may include drowsiness, dizziness, ataxia, and cognitive impairment. Long-term use can lead to tolerance, dependence, and withdrawal symptoms upon discontinuation. Rare but serious adverse effects may include Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis.
Usage Instructions
Carditab tablets should be taken orally with a full glass of water. The dosage and dosing schedule should be individualized based on the patient’s age, weight, and medical condition. It is important to adhere to the prescribed regimen and not alter the dosage without consulting a healthcare provider.
Advantages over Analogues
Carditab offers the advantage of a well-established safety profile and long-term efficacy in the management of various seizure types compared to newer anticonvulsant medications. Its low cost and availability in generic formulations make it a cost-effective treatment option for patients requiring long-term anticonvulsant therapy.
Suitable Patient Groups
Carditab is suitable for use in both pediatric and elderly populations, with dosage adjustments made based on age, renal function, and concomitant medications. Close monitoring is essential in these vulnerable groups to prevent adverse effects and ensure optimal therapeutic outcomes.
Storage and Shelf Life
Carditab tablets should be stored at room temperature away from moisture and light. The shelf life of the product is typically 2-3 years from the manufacturing date. Discard any expired medication properly according to local regulations.
Packaging Description
Carditab tablets are typically packaged in blister packs containing 6 tablets each. The packaging is designed to protect the tablets from environmental factors and maintain their stability until use.
