Atete 100 (acetylcysteine) powder for oral solution 100 mg/0.5 g. sachet №20

Description

Ingredients:

active substance: acetylcysteine;

1 sachet contains acetylcysteine ​​100 mg;

excipients: sorbitol (E 420), aspartame (E 951), riboflavin (E 101), flavoring with the smell of orange.

Medicinal form. Powder for oral solution.

The main physical and chemical properties: light yellow powder with a cream shade, without extraneous mechanical inclusions, with a characteristic orange, slightly sulfurous smell.

Pharmacotherapeutic group. Mucolytic agents.

ATX code R05C B01.

Pharmacological properties.

Pharmacodynamics.

N-acetyl-L-cysteine ​​(AC) exerts a pronounced mucolytic effect on mucous and muco-purulent secretions due to the depolymerization of mucoprotein complexes and nucleic acids, which give viscosity to hyaline and purulent components of sputum and other secretions. Additional properties: reduction of induced mucocyte hyperplasia, increase in surfactant production due to stimulation of type II pneumocytes, stimulation of mucociliary apparatus activity, which contributes to improvement of mucociliary clearance.

N-acetyl-L-cysteine ​​also exerts a direct antioxidant effect due to the presence of a nucleophilic free thiol group (SH), which is capable of directly interacting with electrophilic groups of oxidative radicals. AC prevents the inactivation of α-1-antitrypsin, an enzyme that inhibits elastase, by hypochlorous acid (HOCl), a strong oxidant produced by myeloperoxidase of active phagocytes.

In addition, the molecular structure of AC allows it to easily penetrate cell membranes. Inside the cell, AC is deacetylated to form L-cysteine, an essential amino acid for the synthesis of glutathione. In addition to this, AC, which is a precursor of glutathione, exerts an indirect antioxidant effect. Glutathione is a highly active tripeptide, common in various animal tissues and indispensable for preserving the functional capacity of the cell and its morphological integrity. In fact, it is part of the most important intracellular defense mechanism against oxidative radicals, both exo- and endogenous, and some cytotoxic substances, including paracetamol.

Paracetamol exerts a cytotoxic effect by progressively reducing the content of glutathione. AC plays a primary role in maintaining adequate levels of glutathione, thus enhancing cellular defenses. As a result, AC is a specific antidote for paracetamol poisoning.

In patients with COPD, taking 1200 mg AC per day for 6 weeks led to a significant increase in inspired volume and forced vital capacity of the lungs (FVC), possibly due to a decrease in air entrainment.

In patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), the use of oral acetylcysteine ​​600 mg 3 times a day for one year in combination with standard IPF therapy (prednisone and azathioprine) contributed to the preservation of lung vital capacity (LVC) and lung diffusing capacity, measured by the single-breath method carbon monoxide.

In the form of inhalation therapy for one year, AC contributed to reducing the intensity of disease progression in patients with IPL.

When used in very high doses (up to 3000 mg daily for 4 weeks), AC did not have a significant toxic effect on patients with cystic fibrosis.

The antioxidant efficiency of AC is associated with a pronounced decrease in elastase activity in sputum, which is the most significant indicator of lung function in patients with cystic fibrosis. In addition, against the background of treatment, a decrease in the number of neutrophils in the respiratory tract, as well as the number of neutrophils that actively secrete elastase-rich granules, was noted.

Indications.

Atete 100 (acetylcysteine) is used fot the treatment of acute and chronic diseases of the bronchopulmonary system accompanied by increased production of sputum.

Paracetamol overdose.

Contraindications.

Known hypersensitivity to acetylcysteine ​​or any of the excipients.

Ulcer disease of the stomach and duodenum in the stage of exacerbation, hemoptysis, pulmonary bleeding.