Medaxon (ceftriaxone) powder for injections 2 g. №10 vial

Description

Medaxon composition
active substance: ceftriaxone;
1 vial contains ceftriaxone sodium in terms of ceftriaxone 2 g.

Dosage form
Powder for solution for injection.

Pharmacological properties
Medaxon antibacterial drug for systemic use, the main active ingredient is sodium ceftriaxone. It belongs to the group of beta-lactam antibiotics, being a third generation cephalosporin. It has a prolonged action, it is used exclusively parenterally (bypassing the gastrointestinal tract).

Indications
It is used to treat infections, the causative agents of which are sensitive to ceftriaxone. In particular for the treatment of infections:

• respiratory tract, including inflammation of the lungs, throat, nose, including pneumonia;
• ears (otitis media in acute form);
• organs of the abdominal cavity;
• kidney and urinary tract;
• genitals, including gonorrhea, syphilis;
• bones of soft tissues, wound infections;
• in patients with weakened immunity;
• with meningitis, sepsis, disseminated Lyme borreliosis (II and III stages).

It is used as a preoperative prophylaxis of infections during surgery.
When prescribing ceftriaxone, official recommendations for the prevention of antibiotic resistance should be followed.
Mycoplasma, mycobacteria and chlamydia are resistant to cephalosporins.
The active ingredient of the drug – ceftriaxone – is a parenteral cephalosporin antibiotic of the third generation, which has a prolonged effect.
The bactericidal activity of this drug is due to its ability to inhibit the synthesis of cell membranes, which leads to the lysis of the bacterial cell and its death. Activity is manifested against the majority of gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms.
In addition, ceftriaxone is highly resistant to most beta-lactamases.

Contraindications
It is not used for allergies to cephalosporins or the drug used to prepare the solution. If the patient is allergic to penicillins, monobactams and carbapenems, the likelihood of a cross-reaction of hypersensitivity to ceftriaxone should be considered.
Incompatible with amsacrine, vancomycin, fluconazole and aminoglycosides.
Contraindicated in the presence of jaundice, acidosis.
The use of this drug in combination with calcium-containing solutions is strictly contraindicated. It is also forbidden to use solutions with calcium content for 48 hours after the administration of ceftriaxone due to the high risk of precipitation of the calcium salt of ceftriaxone.

Children
They are also not used for the treatment of premature babies (up to 41 weeks), as well as for hyperbilirubinemia of newborns and premature babies.

Application during pregnancy and lactation
There is no data on its safety during pregnancy, therefore it is permissible to prescribe, in particular, in the first trimester, only if the risks from its use are lower than the expected benefit.
Ceftriaxone has the ability to cross the placenta, therefore, if necessary, breastfeeding should be suspended.

Method of administration and dosage
Medaxon is administered parenterally, by intramuscular injection, intravenous injection or infusion. Do not mix in the same syringe / vial with other medicines.
The average dosage for adults and children over 12 years of age is 1-2 grams of ceftriaxone. It is usually administered once a day, however, by the decision of the doctor, it can be divided into 2 doses, with the introduction with a difference of 12 hours. The maximum daily dose is 4 grams.
In severe infections or with poor sensitivity to ceftriaxone, the daily dose may be increased to 2-4 grams (in neutropenia with fever, in the case of bacterial infection, bacterial endocarditis or meningitis). The duration of treatment is from 1 day with gonorrhea to 21 days with aggravated infections (in particular, with disseminated Lyme borreliosis). The exact dosage, route of administration and duration of treatment are determined by the doctor, depending on the severity of the course of the disease and the characteristics of the patient’s body condition.
Preparation of Medaxon solution for intravenous drip infusion: Dissolve 2 grams of Medaxon in 40 ml of one of the following preparations:

• 0.9% sodium chloride;
• 0.45% sodium chloride + 2.5% glucose;
• 5% glucose;
• 10% glucose;
• 6% dextran in 5% glucose solution;
• 10% hydroxyethylated starch.

When prescribed for the treatment of children, the recommended dosage is:

• newborns up to 2 weeks – at the rate of 20 to 50 mg per 1 kg of weight (administration lasts at least 60 minutes);
• children from 15 days to 12 years old – at the rate of 20 to 80 mg per 1 kg of weight.

In severe cases, 80 mg is prescribed per 1 kg of body weight. Children weighing more than 50 kg receive the dosage per adult patient.
Doses from 50 mg per 1 kg and more are administered for at least 30 minutes. The maximum dosage is 80 mg per 1 kg of patient weight. The only exception is the treatment of meningitis in children under the age of 12, when a dosage of 100 mg per 1 kg of body weight is prescribed.
Elderly patients, as well as with impaired renal and liver function, dosage adjustment is not required if their functions remain normal.

Overdose
Overdose can cause allergic reactions, dyspeptic symptoms – nausea, vomiting, diarrhea (diarrhea). Symptomatic treatment is prescribed.
Hemodialysis is ineffective.

Side effects
The patient generally tolerates ceftriaxones well. However, reactions such as:

• fungal infections;
• eosinophilia, leukopenia, hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, prothrombin time may increase;
• diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, stomatitis, pancreatitis, bile stasis;
• precipitates of calcium salt of ceftriaxone in the gallbladder;
• rash, itching, hives, swelling;
• oliguria, hematuria, formation of kidney stones;
• headache, fever, anaphylaxis reactions.

In rare cases, inflammation of the walls of the veins was observed, so the drug is administered slowly. For anesthesia, dilution with lidocaine is recommended (only for intramuscular administration).

Storage conditions and periods
Store Medaxon at 30 ° C for 3 years. The prepared solution retains its properties for 24 hours if stored at a temperature of 2 to 8 ° C and for 6 hours at a temperature of 25 ° C.