Zovirax powder lyophilisate for solution for injections 250 mg. №5 vial

Description

Zovirax powder lyophilisate for solution for injections 250 mg. №5 vial

Composition

active substance: acyclovir,

1 vial contains acyclovir 250 mg;

Excipient: sodium hydroxide.

Dosage form

white or off-white powder, when diluted with water for injections, a solution free of particles is rapidly formed.

Pharmacotherapeutic group

Antiviral drugs for systemic use.

ATX code J05A B01.

Pharmacological properties

Acyclovir is a synthetic analogue of a purine nucleoside with high in vitro and in vivo activity against herpes viruses, including herpes simplex virus types I and II, Varicella zoster virus, Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus. In cell culture, acyclovir has the highest activity against herpes simplex virus type I, followed by decreasing activity against herpes simplex virus type II, Varicella zoster virus, Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus.

Indication:

• treatment of herpes simplex virus infections in immunocompromised patients and severe genital herpes in non-immunodeficient patients.
• prevention of infections caused by herpes simplex virus in patients with immunodeficiency.
• treatment of infections caused by Varicella zoster virus.
• treatment of herpetic encephalitis.
• treatment of infections caused by the herpes simplex virus in newborns and infants under 3 months of age.

Contraindication

Hypersensitivity to acyclovir, valacyclovir or to other components of the drug.

Method of application and dosage

Apply by slow intravenous infusion for at least 1 hour.

The course of treatment with Zovirax injections usually lasts 5 days, but it can be changed depending on the patient’s condition and the corresponding response to therapy. Treatment of herpetic encephalitis usually lasts 10 days. Treatment of infections in newborns caused by the herpes simplex virus usually lasts 14 days for skin and mucous membranes and 21 days for dissemination and central nervous system damage.

The duration of prophylactic use of Zovirax injections  is determined by the length of the risk of infection.

For the treatment of infections caused by herpes simplex virus (excluding herpes encephalitis) or Varicella zoster virus, Zovirax injections  should be administered at a dose of 5 mg / kg body weight every 8 hours with normal renal function.

For the treatment of Varicella zoster infections, immunodeficiency patients or patients with herpetic encephalitis, Zovirax injections should be administered intravenously at a dose of 10 mg / kg body weight every 8 hours with normal renal function.

Patients with obesity should be given a dose based on ideal rather than actual body weight.

Children

Doses for children aged 3 months to 12 years are calculated per unit body surface area.

For the treatment of infections caused by herpes simplex virus (except herpes encephalitis) or Varicella zoster virus, Zovirax for intravenous administration should be administered at a dose of 250 mg / m2 of body surface every 8 hours with normal renal function.

For the treatment of infections caused by Varicella zoster virus in children with immunodeficiency or herpes encephalitis, Zovirax for intravenous administration is administered at a dose of 500 mg / m2 of body surface every 8 hours with normal renal function.

The dose of Zovirax for intravenous administration to newborns and infants under 3 months of age is calculated based on the child’s body weight.

The recommended treatment for newborns and infants under 3 months of age with herpes simplex virus infection is 20 mg / kg / body weight every 8 hours for 21 days for disseminated form and central nervous system or 14 days for skin disease. and mucous membranes.

Method of administration

The required dose of Zovirax is administered by slow intravenous infusion over at least 1 hour, regardless of the dose administered.

The contents of the intravenous Zovirax vial should first be reconstituted with an appropriate volume of water for injections or 0.9% sodium chloride solution for injection. To obtain a solution, 1 ml of which will contain 25 mg of acyclovir, 250 mg of the drug is dissolved in 10 ml of liquid.

After adding the liquid, shake the vial slightly until the contents are completely dissolved.

Overdose

An overdose of acyclovir by intravenous administration increases serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and, consequently, renal failure. Neurological manifestations of overdose may include confusion, hallucinations, agitation, convulsions and coma.

Acyclovir is very well eliminated from the blood by hemodialysis, so this method can be successfully used in the treatment of drug overdose.

Side effects:

• cardiovascular system: phlebitis;
• gastroenterological system: nausea, vomiting;
• hepatobiliary system: reversible increase in liver enzymes;
• skin and subcutaneous tissue disorders: pruritus, urticaria, rash (including photosensitivity);
• kidneys and urinary system: increase in urea and creatinine in the blood.